What an Instrument Engineer should know? – Part 3

G. Instrument Layout & Drawings Inside CCR/EER
– Central Control Room Instrument Equipment Layout
– Central Control Room Earthing Layout
– Earthing Layout – Central Control Room
– EER Earthing Layout
– Electrical equipment Room Instrument Equipment Layout
– Fire & Gas & ESD display panels layouts in CCR (Review)
– Instrument Air Sub Header Layout – Each Deck and Platform
– Instrument CPP/Accomodation MCT Interface Layout
– Instrument/Telecom MCT Layout – CCR and EER
– Single line diagram for instrument power supplies in CCR

H. Instrument Drawings
– Instrument Grounding Layout – Each Deck and Platform
– Instrument Level Sketches
– Instrument Location Plan – Each Deck and Platform including CCR and EER
– Instrument Mounting Details
– Instrument Pneumatic Hook-up
– Instrument Process Hook-up Drawings
– Instrument Tubing Hydraulic Routing
– Instrument Tubing Pneumatic Routing
– Instrument/Telecom Cable Routing
– Instrument/Telecom Cable Tray Layout

I. Instrument Material Take Off
– MTO – Cable Glands
– MTO – Earthing Devices
– MTO – Fusible Plugs
– MTO – Installation Support
– MTO – Instrument & Telecom Cable
– MTO – Instrument Cable & Tubing Tray
– MTO – Instrument Cable Accessories
– MTO – Instrument Cable Ladder & Tubing Tray
– MTO – Instrument Distribution Manifold
– MTO – Instrument Fittings
– MTO – Instrument Junction Box
– MTO – Instrument Manual Valves
– MTO – Instrument Tubing
– MTO – Multiple Cable Transit (MCT)

J. Instrument Schedules
– Instrument Cables Schedule
– Instrument Index
– Instrument Junction Box Schedule
– Hazardous Area Equipment Schedule

Typical Architecture of Instrumentation & Automation System

Typical Architecture of Instrumentation & Automation System
In general application, the instrumentation and automation architecture is consist of field instruments, individual & multicore cable, junction boxes, marshalling cabinet, and system cabinet. Each of them is combined together so that the control loop application can be performed correctly.
The field instruments are any of the instrument equipment used to measure and control the process variables. Such type of instruments is pressure transmitter, temperature transmitter, flow transmitter, level transmitter, control valves, solenoid valves etc. This device is act as a front liner in the instrumentation control loop.
The cables, both individual and multicore, are used to connect the field instruments with the controller. This cables is used as a signal or power transmission. First of all, the individual field instruments are connected by and individual cables to a junction box. This junction box is used to re-connect the individual cables with the respective multicore cables. So, instead of laid up the individual cables for each instruments to the control room, we laid up the multicore cables (usually comes in big size) to the control room.
The marshalling cabinet is used as a place to do a cross wiring of the multicore cables with the respective terminal block allocations. The arrangements of the multicore cables that come from field usually didn’t come in the control loop point of view. And usually, the ICS vendors have their own arrangement regarding their I/O module and the respective controller. So they do a cross wiring in this marshalling and the incoming multicore cables adapt the arrangement of the I/O and controller make by ICS vendors.
The system cabinet is used to place all the I/O card/module and also the controller it self. All the wire that has already arranged in the marshalling goes to this cabinet directly without any more difficult arrangement. The incoming cables comes to this cabinet has already tidy and match with their respective I/O channels. In this controller, the signal comes in and comes out from and to the field to establish a complete control loops. Below is the typical instrumentation architecture illustration that widely used in the any oil & gas projects.

General Information Regarding the Pipe in Engineering Design

Pipe: outside diameter of 12” and below are larger than the nominal pipe size.
Tube: outside diameter are identical with the nominal size for all size.
Example: Nominal Pipe Size = 2”, schedule XXS outside diameter = 2.375”
Nominal tube size = 2”, outside diameter = 2”.
Standard & Schedule 40 are the same meaning for pipe size up to 10”
Extra strong (XS) and Schedule 80 are the same meaning for pipe size up to 8”
Pipe Nominal Size and Schedule are provided in the ASME B36.10M
For instrument engineer, the deep knowledge about pipe and pipe wall thickness sizing is not necessary. In the design phase it will be done by piping engineer. All of their design regarding the pipe size, pipe rating, and also wall thickness will be provided in the piping class data sheet.
Normally, pipe size required for Control valves, and other inline instrument could be found on P&ID (Piping & Instrumentation Diagram) drawing. In that drawing, it will be specifies by a line no. typically like this (for example):
4″-C23-PL-20-315
Where 4” indicate pipe size, C23 indicate piping material identification, PL indicates service code, 20 indicate system number, and 315 indicate line sequential number.
From Piping Class Data Sheet and P&ID drawing it will be known that the meaning of 4″-C23-PL-20-315 are (typically, will be different as per project specification):
4” pipe size, with pipe class 900# (C23), Process Liquid (PL), and so on.

What an Instrument Engineer should know? – Part 2

D. Miscellaneous Documents
– Instrument Installation, testing, Pre-Commissioning, and Commissioning
– Instrumentations Tools
– Intruder and CCTV management
– Laboratory Equipment List
– List of Test Equipmets

E. Instrument Calculations
– Calculation of Actuator sizing.
– Calculation of Control valve sizing and noise.
– Calculation of Flowmeter sizing.
– Calculation of Heat dissipation.
– Calculation of Hydraulic tank, pumps and accumulator sizing calculations.
– Calculation of Instrument power cable sizing calculations.
– Calculation of Instrument utilities consumption.
– Calculation of Relief valve sizing and noise.
– Calculation of Restriction orifice sizing and stress and noise.
– Calculation of Thermowell and other insertion device stress and wake frequency.
– Calculation of Tubing sizing calculations (Hydraulic)
– Calculation of Valve speed calculations (where required)

F. Instrument Datasheets
– Datasheet of Actuated Ball Valves
– Datasheet of Actuated ON/OFF Valves
– Datasheet of Annubar Flow Meter
– Datasheet of Anti-Surge Control Valve
– Datasheet of Bubble Type Level Transmitters
– Datasheet of Choke Valves
– Datasheet of Control Valves
– Datasheet of Coriolis Flow Meter
– Datasheet of Deluge Valves
– Datasheet of Dew Poin Analyser
– Datasheet of Differential Pressure Indicating Transmitters
– Datasheet of Differential Pressure Indicators
– Datasheet of Displacer Level Transmitters
– Datasheet of Duplex RTD
– Datasheet of Electrical Hand Switches
– Datasheet of Flanged Thermowells
– Datasheet of Flow Meter (Ultrasonic)
– Datasheet of Flow Switch
– Datasheet of Gas Analyzer Chromatograph
– Datasheet of Guide Wave Radar Level Transmitters
– Datasheet of H2 Detectors
– Datasheet of HC Gas Detectors (Open Path)
– Datasheet of HC Gas Detectors (Point)
– Datasheet of Heat Detectors
– Datasheet of Infra Red Flame Detectors
– Datasheet of Intruder Detectors
– Datasheet of Junior/Senior Flow Elements
– Datasheet of Magnetic Flow Meter
– Datasheet of Magnetic Level Gauge
– Datasheet of Magnetostrictive Level Transmitters
– Datasheet of Moisture Analyser
– Datasheet of Orifice Flow Element
– Datasheet of Pig Indicators
– Datasheet of Pig Signaller – Intrusive
– Datasheet of Pneumatic Pressure Pilot
– Datasheet of Pressure Indicating Transmitters
– Datasheet of Pressure Indicator
– Datasheet of Pressure Regulator Valves
– Datasheet of Pressure Safety/Relief Valves
– Datasheet of Pressure Switch
– Datasheet of Restriction Orifices
– Datasheet of Rotameter
– Datasheet of Rotameter with transmitter
– Datasheet of Self Acting Regulator Valves
– Datasheet of Smoke Detectors
– Datasheet of Temperature Indicators & Thermowells (Bi-Metal)
– Datasheet of Temperature Transmitters & Thermowells
– Datasheet of Temperature Indicating Transmitters & Thermowells
– Datasheet of Wet Gas Meter

 

 

Instrument Engineer Role in EPCI Company

Instrument Engineer Role in EPCI Company
Bidding Phase / Commercial proposal development
– Prepare equipment quantity
– Define critical item (control valve, Motor Operated Valve (MOV) etc)
– Support lead to define man hour and cost estimate
Project Execution
– Reviews Client’s technical documentation and requirements.
– Coordinates subcontracted discipline engineering activities and controls subcontracted discipline engineering documents.
– Defines engineering requirements.
– Prepares the technical documentation for Instrumentation requisitions and prepares, according to internal procedures, the technical evaluations.
– Provides technical support to Project group.
– Optimizes instrument systems ensuring minimal cost and simplification in compliance with the required performance.
– Prepares specifications for instruments and for instrumentation installation.
– Performs Instrumentation P&ID mechanization.
– Prepares instrument data sheets.
– Prepares instrument material take-off.
– Implements detail engineering activities.
– Participates to 3D modeling activities.
– Participates to F.A.T activities.
Construction & Start Up
– Modify engineering drawings in coordination with instrument lead and instrument superintendent.
– Provide technical support.

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EPCI – Engineering, Procurement, Construction & Installation